

The Beauty by Aliya Whiteley is suppose to be about a society where all the women died some time ago and the last generation of men are trying to survive and cope with that. I have not read it yet though so I am not sure if they include any trans characters and their fates, but maybe it will interest you.
That looks like scale to me. Using isopropyl alcohol and then wiping them off should usually take care of them. You just have to thoroughly search as they can also be hiding in the roots.